US 12,237,708 B2
Charging apparatus and method of secondary battery
Song-Yul Choe, Auburn, AL (US); Yilin Yin, Auburn, AL (US); Ha-Na Cho, Daejeon (KR); Won-Tae Joe, Daejeon (KR); Hyoung Jun Ahn, Daejeon (KR); and Jin-Hyung Lim, Daejeon (KR)
Assigned to Auburn University, Auburn, AL (US); and LG Energy Solution, Ltd., Seoul (KR)
Filed by LG Chem, Ltd., Seoul (KR); and Auburn University, Auburn, AL (US)
Filed on Aug. 27, 2020, as Appl. No. 17/004,118.
Application 17/004,118 is a continuation of application No. PCT/KR2019/016504, filed on Nov. 27, 2019.
Claims priority of provisional application 62/776,117, filed on Dec. 6, 2018.
Claims priority of application No. 10-2019-0060657 (KR), filed on May 23, 2019.
Prior Publication US 2021/0013731 A1, Jan. 14, 2021
Int. Cl. B60L 53/10 (2019.01); H02J 7/00 (2006.01)
CPC H02J 7/007182 (2020.01) [B60L 53/11 (2019.02); H02J 7/007188 (2020.01)] 20 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A charging apparatus of a secondary battery, comprising:
a voltage sensor configured to measure a voltage of the secondary battery;
a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the secondary battery; and
a control unit configured to receive a measured voltage value and a measured temperature value from the voltage sensor and the temperature sensor, respectively, and to adjust a magnitude of a charging current applied to the secondary battery,
wherein the control unit is configured to:
determine an internal state of the secondary battery, which includes an average ion concentration of anode particles, a surface ion concentration of the anode particles, an anode particle potential and an anode electrolyte potential, using a predefined electrochemical reduced order model (ROM);
determine a state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery from the average ion concentration;
determine a side reaction rate from the anode particle potential and the anode electrolyte potential;
determine whether the measured voltage value reaches a cutoff voltage;
determine whether the surface ion concentration of the anode particles reaches an upper limit concentration;
determine whether the side reaction rate reaches an upper limit rate; and
reduce the magnitude of the charging current applied to the secondary battery from a current charging current amount to an updated charging current amount in response to the measured voltage value reaching the cutoff voltage;
reduce the magnitude of the charging current applied to the secondary battery from the current charging current amount to the updated charging current amount in response to the surface ion concentration of the anode particles reaching the upper limit concentration; and
reduce the magnitude of the charging current applied to the secondary battery from the current charging current amount to the updated charging current amount in response to the side reaction rate reaching the upper limit rate,
wherein the updated charging current amount corresponds to an updated SOC value in a prestored profile correlating charging rate values to SOC values, and wherein the updated SOC value is greater than the determined SOC of the secondary battery by a predetermined amount, wherein the predetermined amount is a constant value regardless of the determined SOC of the secondary battery.