| CPC C12N 5/0606 (2013.01) [C12M 27/12 (2013.01); C12N 5/0603 (2013.01); C12N 5/0676 (2013.01); C12N 2501/105 (2013.01); C12N 2501/11 (2013.01); C12N 2501/115 (2013.01); C12N 2501/117 (2013.01); C12N 2501/15 (2013.01); C12N 2501/16 (2013.01); C12N 2501/195 (2013.01); C12N 2501/41 (2013.01); C12N 2501/415 (2013.01); C12N 2501/998 (2013.01); C12N 2506/02 (2013.01); C12N 2509/00 (2013.01); C12N 2511/00 (2013.01)] | 18 Claims | 
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               1. A bioreactor comprising primate pluripotent stem cell (pPSC) aggregates and pPSC-derived cell aggregates in suspension in a differentiation medium, wherein the pPSC-derived cell aggregates are produced in the bioreactor by agitating the pPSC aggregates at a shear rate of 5 to 500 sec−1, wherein the differentiation medium is substantially free of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), or both insulin and IGF-1. 
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