wherein:

R^a is independently selected from H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, C₂-C₈ alkenyl, propargyl, C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl, and C₃-C₆ heterocyclyl, optionally substituted with one or more groups independently selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, OH, OCH₃, and SO₂CH₃;

R^b is H;

Z² is NH;

R¹ and R² are each H;

R³ and R⁴ are independently selected from H, F, Cl, Br, I, —CN, —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂OH, —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OH, —C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH(OH)CH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂SO₂CH₃, —CH₂OP(O)(OH)₂, —CH₂F, —CHF₂, —CH₂NH₂, —CH₂NHSO₂CH₃, —CH₂NHCH₃, —CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —CF₃, —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂CHF₂, —CH(CH₃)CN, —C(CH₃)₂CN, —CH₂CN, —CO₂H, —COCH₃, —CO₂CH₃, —CO₂C(CH₃)₃, —COCH(OH)CH₃, —CONH₂, —CONHCH₃, —CONHCH₂CH₃, —CONHCH(CH₃)₂, —CON(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂CONH₂, —NH₂, —NHCH₃, —N(CH₃)₂, —NHCOCH₃, —N(CH₃) COCH₃, —NHS(O)₂CH₃, —N(CH₃)C(CH₃)₂CONH₂, —N(CH₃)CH₂CH₂S(O)₂CH₃, —NO₂, ═O, —OH, —OCH₃, —OCH₂CH₃, —OCH₂CH₂OCH₃, —OCH₂CH₂OH, —OCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —OP(O)(OH)₂, —S(O)₂N(CH₃)₂, —SCH₃, —S(O)₂CH₃, —S(O)₃H, cyclopropyl, cyclopropylamide, cyclobutyl, oxetanyl, azetidinyl, 1-methylazetidin-3-yl)oxy, N-methyl-N-oxetan-3-ylamino, azetidin-1-ylmethyl, benzyloxyphenyl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl-methanone, piperazin-1-yl, morpholinomethyl, morpholino-methanone, and morpholino;

R⁵ is selected from H, C₁-C₉ alkyl, C₃-C₉ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₉ heterocycle, C₆-C₉ aryl, C₆-C₉ heteroaryl, —(C₁-C₆ alkyldiyl)-(C₃-C₉ cycloalkyl), —(C₁-C₆ alkyldiyl)-(C₃-C₉ heterocycle), C(O)R^b, C(O)NR^a, SO₂R^a, and SO₂NR^a, optionally substituted with one or more of halogen, CN, OR^a, N(R^a)₂, C₁-C₉ alkyl, C₃-C₉ cycloalkyl, C₃-C₉ heterocycle, C₆-C₉ aryl, C₆-C₉ heteroaryl, C(O)R^b, C(O)NR^a, SO₂R^a, and SO₂NR^a;

each R⁶ and R⁷ is independently F or Cl;

m is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4; and

n is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4;

(a) contacting a compound of formula:

(b) cyclizing the compound of formula (12) with a compound of formula:

(c) reacting the compound of formula (13) with a compound having formula

(d) contacting the compound of step (c) with an acid to remove the Boc moiety thereby synthesizing a free amine; and

(e) contacting the compound of step (d) with a compound of formula I—R^a;