a sensor arranged to capture an image of a top surface of a beverage being poured;

a monitoring and control subsystem, including a processor, configured to:

determine a state of the beverage being poured according to a classification of pixels representing the top surface; and

control an actuator to adjust pouring of the beverage in response to the state of the beverage that was determined according to the classification of pixels representing the top surface to signal an apparatus to preselect a beverage making program based on a size or type of an identified beverage container or to stop dispensing the beverage based on an identified container filling state,

wherein the state of the beverage being poured according to the classification of pixels includes a speed at which foam at the top surface of the beverage is rising by repeatedly identifying the filling state.