rendering, by a first container of a terminal, a to-be-displayed page to generate to-be-displayed image data, wherein the terminal comprises a trusted execution environment (TEE) management module;

sending, by the first container, a first request message to the TEE management module, and receiving a first response message returned by the TEE management module, wherein the first response message comprises an encrypt shader generated by the TEE management module based on the first request message;

encrypting, by the first container, the image data, comprising:

writing, by the first container, encrypted image data into a buffer corresponding to the first container, and sending instruction information to a second container of the terminal, wherein the instruction information is used to instruct the second container to securely display the encrypted image data.