| CPC C09K 8/5083 (2013.01) [C09K 8/504 (2013.01); E21B 33/138 (2013.01); C09K 2208/10 (2013.01)] | 13 Claims |

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1. A composition comprising:
a colloidal solution comprising a solvent, a plurality of silica nanoparticles dispersed in the solvent;
an activator dissolved in the colloidal solution, where the activator is selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride; and
a plurality of gel particles suspended in the colloidal solution,
wherein the activator activates gelation of the colloidal solution under formation conditions, forming a composite gel comprising the plurality of gel particles, and
wherein the composite gel exhibits an elasticity ranging from 20,000 to 30,000 Pa.
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