| CPC A61N 1/36021 (2013.01) [A61B 5/388 (2021.01); A61N 1/0456 (2013.01); A61N 1/36007 (2013.01); A61N 1/36057 (2013.01); A61N 2/02 (2013.01); A61B 5/4047 (2013.01); A61N 1/0551 (2013.01); A61N 1/36017 (2013.01); A61N 1/3787 (2013.01); A61N 2/004 (2013.01)] | 48 Claims |

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1. A method of treating overactive bladder or incontinence, comprising:
non-invasively positioning a first portion of a subject's body near an ankle relative to an electrical stimulator such that a tibial nerve within the first portion of the body is directly targeted by the electrical stimulator;
passing a current through the electrical stimulator;
delivering an electrical stimulus from the electrical stimulator to the tibial nerve such that the tibial nerve directly receives the electrical stimulation to treat overactive bladder or incontinence;
detecting for an electrical conduction in the tibial nerve via a sensor in communication with a controller by detecting for a lack of presence of the electrical conduction at a second portion of the subject's body distant from the first portion as an indicator of electrode migration from the first portion; and
adjusting the electrical stimulus via the controller in response to the electrical conduction detected in the tibial nerve.
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