| CPC H04L 9/3278 (2013.01) [H04L 2209/80 (2013.01)] | 19 Claims |

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1. A physically unclonable wireless system (PUWS), comprising:
at least one physically unclonable function (PUF) at a physical layer of the system;
at least one PUF at a software layer of the system; and
a substrate on which the at least one PUF at the physical layer of the system is manufactured on, wherein the at least one PUF at the physical layer of the system is manufactured by 3D printing, wherein the 3D printing is configured to provide randomization for the PUWS, wherein the at least one PUF at the physical layer of the system comprises a chaotic antenna array, wherein the chaotic antenna array comprises a plurality of antennas with a randomized geometry and a plurality of RF routing layers with randomized states, and further wherein the randomized geometry of each antenna of the plurality of antennas is determined during the 3D printing of the at least one PUF by randomizing one or more printing parameters using a cryptographic random number generator.
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