| CPC G06F 30/394 (2020.01) [G06F 30/392 (2020.01); G06F 30/398 (2020.01)] | 20 Claims |

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1. A structure, comprising:
a substrate comprising first and second surfaces;
a through-silicon-via (TSV) structure disposed in the substrate, wherein a first end portion of the TSV structure extends over the first surface of the substrate and a second end portion of the TSV structure extends below the second surface of the substrate;
a pseudo metal layer disposed on the first end portion of the TSV structure;
a via disposed on the pseudo metal layer;
a first interconnect structure disposed on the via; and
a second interconnect structure disposed on the second end portion of the TSV structure.
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