| CPC H03H 3/04 (2013.01) [H03H 9/172 (2013.01); H03H 9/25 (2013.01)] | 21 Claims |

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1. A resonator comprising:
a piezoelectric material having an acoustic path that is longer in a central region of the resonator than at edges of the resonator by shaping the resonator, the shaping comprising adjusting an acoustic stiffness of the piezoelectric material, wherein the piezoelectric material is stiffened with an ion implantation gradient, with the ion implantation stiffening edges of the piezoelectric material more than a center of the piezoelectric material.
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