US 11,866,388 B1
Catalyst systems
Sohel Shaikh, Dhahran (SA); Motaz Khawaji, Thuwal (SA); and Wei Xu, Thuwal (SA)
Assigned to SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY, Dhahran (SA)
Filed by Saudi Arabian Oil Company, Dhahran (SA)
Filed on Feb. 8, 2023, as Appl. No. 18/107,133.
Application 18/107,133 is a division of application No. 17/537,657, filed on Nov. 30, 2021, granted, now 11,623,208.
Claims priority of provisional application 63/119,136, filed on Nov. 30, 2020.
Claims priority of provisional application 63/119,206, filed on Nov. 30, 2020.
Int. Cl. C07C 2/32 (2006.01); B01J 31/18 (2006.01); B01J 31/14 (2006.01)
CPC C07C 2/32 (2013.01) [B01J 31/143 (2013.01); B01J 31/1845 (2013.01); B01J 2231/20 (2013.01); B01J 2531/004 (2013.01); B01J 2531/007 (2013.01); B01J 2531/62 (2013.01); C07C 2531/22 (2013.01)] 9 Claims
 
1. A method for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene, the method comprising contacting ethylene with a catalyst system to form a product comprising 1-octene, the catalyst system comprising:
a catalyst having the structure:
[(L∩L)CrX2(L1)n]+[BY4]− or [(L∩L)CrX2(L1)n]+[SO2Y]−
wherein:
X is a halogen, a (C2-C30) carboxylate, acetylacetonate, or a (C1-C30) hydrocarbyl;
L1 is a neutral coordinating ligand;
n is an integer from 0 to 6;
Y is a (C6-C20)fluorine-substituted aryl, a (C6-C20)fluorine-substituted aryloxy, or a (C1-C20)fluorine-substituted alkoxy; and
L∩L is a bidentate chelating ligand having the structure:
(R1)(R2)P—Z—P(R1)(R2)
wherein:
each R1 and R2 is independently chosen from a (C1-C50) alkyl group or a (C6-C50) aryl group; and
Z is a (C2-C50) alkylene group, a (C6-C50) arylene group, —N(R8)—, —P(R8)—, —B(R8)—, or —Si(R8)2— that links the two P atoms, where R8 is a (C1-C50) alkyl group or a (C6-C50) aryl group; and
at least one aluminum containing agent comprising a reaction product of an organoaluminum compound and an antifouling compound, wherein the antifouling compound comprises one or more organic acids, organic acid salts, esters, anhydrides, or combinations of these.