US 11,719,995 B2
Optical digital to analog converter using electro-modulated waveguides
Jonathan K. George, Arlington, VA (US); and Volker J. Sorger, Alexandria, VA (US)
Assigned to The George Washington University, Washington, DC (US)
Filed by The George Washington University, Washington, DC (US)
Filed on Dec. 6, 2021, as Appl. No. 17/543,190.
Application 17/543,190 is a continuation of application No. 16/439,268, filed on Jun. 12, 2019, granted, now 11,221,541.
Claims priority of provisional application 62/683,940, filed on Jun. 12, 2018.
Prior Publication US 2022/0091475 A1, Mar. 24, 2022
Int. Cl. G02F 7/00 (2006.01); G02F 1/035 (2006.01)
CPC G02F 7/00 (2013.01) [G02F 1/035 (2013.01); G02F 2202/105 (2013.01)] 20 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A digital-to-analog converter, comprising:
a first interface; and
a second interface coupled to the first interface through one or more modulation circuits, wherein each of the one or more modulation circuits comprises:
a first splitting coupler connected to the first interface;
a first waveguide comprising a first lead connected to the first splitting coupler, a first end, and a first length running therebetween, wherein the first lead and the first end are coupled by a first switch positioned along the first length;
a second splitting coupler connected to the first interface;
a second waveguide comprising a second lead connected to the second splitting coupler, a second end, and a second length running therebetween, wherein the second lead and the second end are coupled by a second switch positioned along the second length; and
an optical combiner connected to the first end of the first waveguide and the second end of the second waveguide,
wherein the second interface is connected to the optical combiner of each of the one or more modulation circuits.