| CPC C12N 15/1013 (2013.01) [B01L 3/5025 (2013.01); B01L 3/502707 (2013.01); B01L 3/502715 (2013.01); B01L 3/502761 (2013.01); C12N 9/22 (2013.01); C12N 15/102 (2013.01); C12N 15/111 (2013.01); B01L 2200/027 (2013.01); B01L 2200/0668 (2013.01); B01L 2300/022 (2013.01); B01L 2300/0636 (2013.01); C12N 2310/20 (2017.05); G16B 50/30 (2019.02)] | 16 Claims |
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1. An apparatus comprising:
a first chip-based biosensor and a second chip-based biosensor individually comprising:
one or more sensing surfaces on channels of liquid gated field effect transistors on a chip, wherein the channels are made of two-dimensional material that extends between a source and a drain of the liquid gated field effect transistors and is selected from graphene and molybdenum disulfide;
a counter electrode on the chip that is used to incrementally and programmatically adjust a gate voltage of a liquid gate formed over the channels by a sample liquid; and
a reference electrode on the chip that is used to detect the voltage of the liquid gate formed by the sample liquid;
wherein the liquid gated field effect transistors to output one or more transistor response signals corresponding to detected biomolecular binding interactions between a nucleic acid sample and one or more capture surfaces functionalized with a targeted genome manipulating agent having a genome manipulating component comprising a CRISPR associated protein Cas molecule (Cas) selected from Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13, and a targeting component comprising a guide RNA (gRNA), wherein the one or more capture surfaces are within a sensing range of the one or more sensing surfaces, and wherein:
the first chip-based biosensor receives a first aliquot of the nucleic acid sample incubated with a blocking agent selected to bind to a sequence overlapping an on-target sequence of the nucleic acid sample;
the second chip-based biosensor receives a second aliquot of the nucleic acid sample that omits the blocking agent;
a measurement controller that measures one or more first and second response signals produced in response to the biomolecular binding interactions occurring between the nucleic acid sample in the first and second aliquots and the targeted genome manipulating agent on the functionalized capture surfaces of first and second chip-based biosensors; and
an analysis module that determines one or more genome manipulating efficiency parameters associated with the targeted genome manipulating agent based on performing a comparison of the first and second response signals,
wherein the measurement controller and the analysis module each comprise one or more of hardware circuits, programmable hardware devices, and executable code, the executable code stored on one or more non-transitory computer readable storage media.
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