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1. A lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode, and an elastic polymer protective layer disposed between the cathode and the anode, and a working electrolyte in ionic communication with the anode and the cathode, wherein said elastic polymer protective layer comprises a high-elasticity polymer having a thickness from 2 nm to 100 μm, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−8 S/cm to 5×10−2 S/cm at room temperature, and a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 2% to 1,000% when measured without any additive or filler dispersed therein and wherein said high-elasticity polymer comprises at least a crosslinked polymer network of chains derived from at least one multi-functional monomer or oligomer selected from, polyether, polyurethane acrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, di(trimethylolpropane) tetraacrylate, a derivative thereof, or a combination thereof, wherein a multi-functional monomer or oligomer comprises at least three reactive functional groups and wherein said crosslinked polymer network of chains is impregnated with from 0% to 90% by weight of a liquid electrolyte.
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