CPC C10G 67/06 (2013.01) [B01D 3/14 (2013.01); B01D 15/00 (2013.01); B01J 8/0285 (2013.01); C10G 3/46 (2013.01); C10G 3/49 (2013.01); C10G 3/50 (2013.01); C10G 3/54 (2013.01); C11C 3/123 (2013.01); C10G 2300/1011 (2013.01); C10G 2300/1055 (2013.01); C10G 2300/301 (2013.01); C10G 2300/44 (2013.01); C10G 2400/04 (2013.01); C10G 2400/06 (2013.01); C10L 2290/00 (2013.01)] | 16 Claims |
1. A system for processing a renewable bio-based material formed of a substantially renewable feedstock comprising a plant oil and/or an animal oil containing triglycerides and free fatty acids, the system comprising:
a first heat exchanger configured to receive a first stream composed of fresh bio-based material having a predetermined flow rate and pressure and configured to output a first heated stream composed of heated fresh bio-based material;
a distinct second heat exchanger configured to receive a second stream composed of fresh hydrogen having a predetermined flow rate and pressure and configured to output a distinct second heated stream composed of heated fresh hydrogen, which flows separately from the first heated stream;
a reactor having an input into which each of (a) the first heated stream composed of heated fresh bio-based material, and (b) the distinct second heated stream composed of heated fresh hydrogen, and which flows separately from the first heated stream, are introduced in a co-current as reactants at a ratio of 0.03-0.10 g hydrogen/g bio-based material which flow into and react within the reactor, wherein the reactor comprises a series of reactor beds each of which provides a catalyst on a support, and wherein the reactor is configured to produce at an output thereof a treated oil by one step hydrotreating in which the feedstock and the hydrogen within the reactor react in the presence of the catalyst at a temperature controlled between 200° C. to 400° C. and a pressure controlled between 25 bar to 40 bar;
a distinct third heat exchanger configured to receive the treated oil output from the reactor and reduce its temperature to output a reduced temperature treated oil having a predetermined reduced temperature;
a high-pressure separator configured to receive the reduced temperature treated oil, separate a gaseous component therefrom, and individually output the gaseous component and a purified treated oil, followed by a low-pressure separator configured to receive the purified treated oil and individually output a water component and a further purified treated oil; and
(i) a distillation unit for passing the further purified treated oil through to form green diesel and an adsorption unit for passing the green diesel through; or (ii) at least one distillation column to separate the further purified treated oil into at least one component and an adsorption column for passing the at least one component through;
wherein the adsorption unit comprises at least one adsorbent selected from the group consisting of activated carbon and ion exchange resin; and
wherein the reactor comprises a nozzle that introduces a cooling substance into the reactor at an angle between perpendicular to and co-current with the flow of reactants, and not against the flow of reactants, to thereby provide the reactor with an internal cooling function for controlling the temperature of the reactor.
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