US 11,670,790 B2
Fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies
Soo Kim, Cambridge, MA (US); Jonathan Mailoa, Cambridge, MA (US); Timothy Schultz, Sunnyvale, CA (US); Nathan Craig, Santa Clara, CA (US); Uma Krishnamoorthy, Cupertino, CA (US); and Jake Christensen, Elk Grove, CA (US)
Assigned to Robert Bosch GmbH, Stuttgart (DE)
Filed by Robert Bosch GmbH, Stuttgart (DE)
Filed on Nov. 25, 2019, as Appl. No. 16/694,305.
Prior Publication US 2021/0159528 A1, May 27, 2021
Int. Cl. H01M 8/10 (2016.01); H01M 8/1004 (2016.01); H01M 4/86 (2006.01); H01M 4/92 (2006.01); H01M 8/1039 (2016.01); H01M 8/1041 (2016.01); H01M 4/88 (2006.01)
CPC H01M 8/1004 (2013.01) [H01M 4/8605 (2013.01); H01M 4/8652 (2013.01); H01M 4/8825 (2013.01); H01M 4/92 (2013.01); H01M 8/1039 (2013.01); H01M 8/1041 (2013.01); H01M 2008/1095 (2013.01)] 20 Claims
OG exemplary drawing
 
1. A fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprising:
a polymer electrolyte membrane; and
first and second electrodes, the polymer electrolyte membrane situated between the first and second electrodes, the first electrode including a first catalyst material layer including a first catalyst material and having first and second surfaces, the first electrode including first and second material layers adjacent to the first and second surfaces, respectively, of the first catalyst material layer, the first material layer facing away from the polymer electrolyte membrane and the second material layer facing the polymer electrolyte membrane, the first material layer comprised of a first graphene-based material layer having a first number of defects configured to mitigate dissolution of the first catalyst material through the first material layer, the first catalyst layer including a number of clusters of the first catalyst material, and the number of clusters defining a number of void spaces therebetween having a volume of 1 nm3 to 1 μm3.