| CPC F02M 21/0215 (2013.01) [B01D 53/1418 (2013.01); B01D 53/1475 (2013.01); C08J 9/122 (2013.01); F02M 21/0218 (2013.01); F23C 9/00 (2013.01); B01D 2258/0283 (2013.01); C08J 2203/06 (2013.01); Y02T 10/12 (2013.01)] | 7 Claims |
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1. A total recycling system of capturing, conversion and utilization of flue gas from factory, power plant and refinery comprising an energy subsystem, a capture subsystem, and a conversion subsystem, an utilization subsystem, a water gas unit, a carbon dioxide capture unit, a hydrogen production unit, a water recovery unit, a combined decontamination and dust removal unit, a supercritical refining and preparation of nanocellulose unit, a supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose foaming material unit; wherein the flue gas includes dust particles, a gaseous compound, a trace element, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, wherein the gaseous compound includes at least nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides; wherein the combined decontamination and dust removal unit is connected with the capture subsystem and the water gas unit; the conversion subsystem, the utilization subsystem, the water gas unit, the carbon dioxide capture unit, the hydrogen production unit, the water recovery unit, the supercritical refining and preparation of nanocellulose unit, and the supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose foaming material unit are connected with the capture subsystem;
wherein the flue gas total recycling system removes the dust particles and the gaseous compound by the combined decontamination and dust removal unit; capturing carbon dioxide by the carbon dioxide capture unit in the capture subsystem and pressurizing the captured carbon dioxide to supercritical carbon dioxide; recovering water vapor in the flue gas by the water recovery unit; decomposing the recovered water into hydrogen and oxygen through the hydrogen production unit, and feeding the oxygen into the water gas unit for combustion support to further obtain a high-purity hydrogen through the water gas unit; reacting the captured carbon dioxide having high stability and low energy with a high-energy ethylene oxide molecule to form ethylene carbonate(EC) by the conversion subsystem, and further subjecting the ethylene carbonate to a catalytic reaction with hydrogen to obtain methanol and a glycol; providing the supercritical carbon dioxide and nanocellulose to make supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose slurry by the utilization subsystem, and after adjusting the concentration of the made supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose slurry, combining the adjusted supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose slurry with material particles to extrude into a supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose foam material;
wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose slurry is prepared by the supercritical refining and preparation of nanocellulose unit; the supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose foam material is prepared by the supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose foaming material unit;
wherein the energy subsystem is configured with a solar power generation and wind a power generation to provide clean power, and the power generated by residual heat recovery power and hydrogen gas power generation is also supplemented and deployed by the energy subsystem; wherein the energy subsystems not only has the power for each subsystem and unit of the flue gas recycling system stably distributed but also provides the required power for power distribution, lighting distribution, fire distribution, monitoring power distribution, and security distribution thereof, through the capture, conversion and utilization of carbon dioxide, the final output is methanol, glycol, foams, which constitutes the material balance of the system; the integration of the energy system enables the utilization of clean energy, hydrogen energy and system heat energy to achieve self-sufficiency in energy consumption of the entire system, and also output part of heat energy, electric energy or hydrogen energy, so full quantification of energy utilization and full quantification of flue gas utilization are achieved;
the supercritical refining and preparation of nanocellulose unit comprises cellulose and a refining device;
wherein the particle size of the cellulose is in micrometer level, and the cellulose comprises any one or more of wood fiber, carbon or carbon fiber, silicon or silicon fiber, metal or metal fiber, and graphite or graphite fiber;
wherein the refining device is a fully sealed, high pressure resistant, waterless device, the cellulose is mixed with a supercritical carbon dioxide liquid by the refining device, and a refiner is used to grind micron-sized cellulose into nano-sized fibers, the nano-scale cellulose and supercritical carbon dioxide constitute a supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose slurry, referred to as-a nano-slurry; wherein the amount of the nano-slurry content of the nano-slurry is greater than 1%;
wherein the refining device comprises a slurry tank, a refiner and a conveyor; wherein the slurry tank, the refiner and the conveyor are connected in a sealed manner through a three-way valve, a vacuum valve and a high pressure pipeline, and operated under supercritical conditions, an internal circulation flow is filled with slurry composed of liquid-phase supercritical carbon dioxide where the cellulose is dissolved; the conveyor is equipped with a pump motor and a fluid pump in a chassis, wherein the pump motor drives the fluid pump through a drive belt, sucks the slurry from the slurry tank to the pump inlet, and delivers the slurry from the pump outlet to a refiner feed port through the high pressure pipeline, the slurry is conveyed to a place between a fixed grinding disc and a rotating grinding disc through a side flow passage, after finely ground and the slurry is introduced into a material cylinder by a hollow rotating shaft, and is sent to the slurry tank through an outlet and the high pressure pipeline, thus the slurry is formed into a circulating transport flow in a supercritical state;
a chassis is arranged on a lower shaft of the refiner, and the hollow rotating shaft driven by a grinding motor through a drive belt is displaced inside the chassis, and the hollow rotating shaft drives the rotating grinding disc to rotate at a high speed, and superfine nano-grinding gears meshed with each other are arranged on the rotating grinding disc and the fixed grinding disc the fixed grinding disc, the micron scale cellulose is grinded into nanoscale cellulose by the superfine nano-grinding gears;
the slurry tank is equipped with a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a density sensor and a particle size detecting sensor for detecting the temperature, pressure, density and cellulose particle size of the slurry in the slurry tank, respectively, and the detected parameter information is displayed by a PLC controller;
a heater and a cooler are disposed outside the slurry tank for controlling the temperature of the slurry in the supercritical state in the slurry tank;
a CO2 liquid inlet on the slurry tank is used to feed the supercritical carbon dioxide liquid, and the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide is controlled by releasing or adding a carbon dioxide liquid controlled by a valve group and the vacuum valve disposed on the CO2 liquid inlet;
the slurry tank further includes a mixer, a stirrer, a cleaning tank, the outlet, a cleaning agent and a sewage outlet; the mixer and the stirrer are used for mixing and stirring the slurry in the slurry tank, and the cleaning tank is filled with the cleaning agent for cleaning the refining device, and the sewage outlet is for discharging the cleaning waste liquid;
the refiner further includes a grinding body, a pressure gauge, a flow meter, the grinding body is a housing of the refiner, and the pressure gauge and the flow meter are assembled on the high pressure pipeline for displaying the pressure and flow rate of the supercritical slurry;
the supercritical carbon dioxide nanocellulose foaming material unit comprises an auxiliary device, a compounding device, an injection device, a twin-screw extruder, a foaming device, and a foaming material;
wherein the compounding device adjusts the ratio of supercritical carbon dioxide and nanocellulose in the nano-slurry, and releases carbon dioxide therein to increase the content of nanocellulose in the nano-slurry, after releasing the carbon dioxide through the compounding device; the ratio of carbon dioxide to nanocellulose in the nano-slurry is (30%-70%):(70%-30%) (wt %) to keep certain amount of nanocellulose in the foaming material, and improve the performance thereof, the compounding device is connected with a nano-slurry storage tank, and the nano-slurry storage tank is used for storing and supplying the made nano-slurry;
wherein the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the foaming material is positively correlated with the pressure of supercritical carbon dioxide; when the pressure is 5 MPa, the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide is 3%; when the pressure is 15 MPa, the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide is 10%; the pressure of present invention is about 20 MPa in order to increase the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide to a higher percentage;
wherein the utilization system mixes adjusted nano-slurry, supercritical carbon dioxide, and accelerator to a design formula, and uniformly mixes to obtain the supercritical liquid material by a high-pressure mixer; further, the supercritical liquid material is injected into the twin-screw extruder at a high pressure through the nanometer cellulose injection device; and the particles material are fed into the twin-screw extruder at the same time, then the supercritical liquid material is melt-mixed with thereof, and extruded through a mold to obtain an extruded product, the extruded product is foamed by a foaming process to obtain a foam material product;
wherein an auxiliary device is equipped with a supercritical carbon dioxide tank supplying a required supercritical carbon dioxide liquid, a CO2 pressure stabilizer, a high pressure pump, a CO2 thermostat and a mass flow meter for quantitative measurement of providing the requited supercritical carbon dioxide; the high pressure pump and a mass flow is used for quantitative measurement of providing accelerating agent;
wherein the material particles include plastic particles or powders, cement particles or powders, glass particles or powders; the foaming materials include foamed plastics, foamed cement, foamed glass, and the foamed materials include sheets, plate, profile, block or structure;
wherein the performance index of the foaming material is:
a. the content of nanocellulose is: 1%-5%;
b. the modulus of elasticity is: 3 GPa-10 GPa;
c. the heat distortion temperature (HDT) is: 130° C.-150° C.;
d. the intensity is: 1000 KPa-3000 KPa.
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