CPC H01M 8/188 (2013.01) [H01M 4/94 (2013.01); H01M 2300/0011 (2013.01)] | 12 Claims |
1. A redox flow battery comprising:
a cathode;
a catholyte comprising a transition metal ion and a first supporting electrolyte wherein the transition metal ion and the first supporting electrolyte form a first solvation structure having a diameter in a range of from about 0.1 nm to about 3 nm;
an anode;
an anolyte comprising a lanthanide ion and a second supporting electrolyte, wherein the lanthanide ion and the second supporting electrolyte form a second solvation structure having a diameter in a range of from about 0.1 nm to about 3 nm; and
a permselective ion exchange membrane separating the cathode and the catholyte from the anode and the anolyte.
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