CPC G01N 33/564 (2013.01) [A61B 5/0082 (2013.01); A61B 5/4842 (2013.01); A61K 31/713 (2013.01); A61K 38/06 (2013.01); A61K 38/07 (2013.01); A61K 39/3955 (2013.01); C07K 16/2803 (2013.01); C07K 2317/76 (2013.01); G01N 2333/70503 (2013.01); G01N 2800/102 (2013.01); G01N 2800/104 (2013.01); G01N 2800/56 (2013.01); Y10S 436/811 (2013.01)] | 10 Claims |
1. A method of distinguishing between the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a bacterial or viral infection comprising:
(a) obtaining a blood sample from a human subject;
(b) contacting the blood sample with a detectably labeled antibody specific for PD-L1 and at least one antibody specific for a cell surface marker on a monocyte or dendritic cell;
(c) detecting the presence or absence of monocytes or dendritic cells; and
(d) determining the amount of PD-L1 in a blood sample containing monocytes or dendritic cells, wherein a PD-L1 amount from monocytes or dendritic cells that is lower than a control value is indicative of SLE and a PD-L1 amount from monocytes or dendritic cells that is higher than the control value is indicative of a bacterial or viral infection, wherein the control value is established based on a PD-L1 amount of one or more healthy subjects.
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