CPC C08F 10/02 (2013.01) [C07C 2/36 (2013.01); B01J 31/143 (2013.01); B01J 31/189 (2013.01); B01J 31/2438 (2013.01); B01J 2231/20 (2013.01); B01J 2531/62 (2013.01); C07C 2531/14 (2013.01); C07C 2531/24 (2013.01); C08F 4/69 (2013.01); C08F 4/69068 (2013.01)] | 21 Claims |
1. A process comprising:
a) forming a first mixture in an activation vessel, the first mixture comprising:
1) ethylene,
2) a catalyst system comprising i) a heteroatomic ligand chromium compound complex and an organoaluminum compound, or ii) a heteroatomic ligand, a chromium compound, and an organoaluminum compound,
3) optionally, a first organic reaction medium, and
4) optionally, hydrogen;
b) maintaining the first mixture in the activation vessel for an average residence time;
c) introducing into a reaction zone:
i) ethylene,
ii) the first mixture from step b),
iii) a second organic reaction medium, and
iv) optionally, hydrogen; and
d) forming an oligomer product in the reaction zone;
wherein the average residence time of the first mixture in the activation vessel is in a range from 10 sec up to a period of time sufficient for a conversion of ethylene in the activation vessel to equal 5 mol % of a total ethylene utilized in step a) and step c).
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